Ancient Egypt

: Dynastic Periods:

New Kingdom (1550 to 1069 BC.)


  • This period is characterized by Egypt's military involvement and expansion in Syria and Palestine
  • In Arts, monumental temples were erected in Thebes and Upper Egypt
  • Amun High Priests and military leaders gained enormous power, which in the end challenged the pharaonic rule, and led to the collapse of the State and the division of the country
  • 18th Dynasty (1550 - 1292 BC.)

  • Ahmose expelled the Hyksos
  • Capital city in Thebes
  • Thutmose III began the age of conquest - Egypt became a world power.
  • The Amarna revolution by Akhenaten - worship of Aten and Capital city moved to Akhetaten
  • Theban counter-revolution - Religion restored
  • Horemheb appointed his military commander Ramses I as heir, who founded the 19th Dynasty

    Ahmose
    1550 - 1526 BC.
    Amenhotep I
    1526 - 1506 BC.
    Thutmose I
    1506 - 1493 BC.
    Thutmose II
    1493 - 1479 BC.
    Hatshepsut
    1479 - 1458 BC.
    Thutmose III
    1458 - 1425 BC.
    Amenhotep II
    1425 - 1401 BC.
    Thutmose IV
    1401 - 1390 BC.
    Amenhotep III
    1390 - 1350 BC.
    Akhenaten
    1350 - 1334 BC.
    Nefertiti
    1336-1334 BC.?
    Tutankhamen
    1334 - 1325 BC.
    Ay
    1325 - 1320 BC.
    Horemheb
    1320 - 1292 BC.
    .



    19th Dynasty (1292 - 1187 BC.)

  • Ramses I moved the capital city to Avaris (Pi-Ramesse) and the cult of Seth regained importance
  • Seti I recaptured territories lost under Akhenaten.
  • Ramses II fought in Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BC.
  • Ramses II signed peace treaty with Hittites in 1258 BC.
  • Construction of monumental temples
  • Merenptah moved the Capital city to Memphis
  • When Merenptah died both his sons Seti II and Amenmesse (the Biblical Moses) contended for the throne
  • Setnakhte the Exodus Pharaoh expelled the Asiatics and founded the 20th Dynasty
  • Amenmesse (Moses) founded the new Hebrew religion?, based on the cult of Amun while demonizing the cult of Seth which was embraced by his enemies

    Ramses I
    1292 - 1290 BC.
    Seti I
    1290 - 1279 BC.
    Ramses II
    1279 - 1213 BC.
    Merenptah
    Pharaoh mentioned in Exodus 1?
    1213 - 1203 BC.
    Seti II
    Biblical Potiphar?
    1203 - 1197 BC.
    Amenmesse
    Biblical Moses
    1203 - 1200 BC.
    Siptah
    Died in 10th Plague?
    1197 - 1191 BC.
    Tawosret & Bay
    Potiphar's wife & Joseph?
    1191 - 1190 BC.



    20th Dynasty (1190 - 1069 BC.)

  • Capital city moved back to Avaris (Pi-Ramesse)
  • Ramses III repulses invasion of "Sea People" and Libyan invasions. He is considered the last great Egyptian Pharaoh.
  • Famine due to Hekla Eruption, civil unrest and official corruption, started at the end of Ramses III reign
  • After Ramses III the empire began to disintegrate
  • Systematic robbing of royal tombs especially in the reigns of Ramses IX and Ramses XI.
  • During the reign of Ramses XI the High Priest of Amun at Thebes became the effective ruler of Upper Egypt

    Setnakhte
    Pharaoh of Exodus
    1190 - 1186 BC.
    Ramses III
    1186 - 1155 BC.
    Ramses IV
    1155 - 1149 BC.
    Ramses V
    1149 - 1145 BC.
    Ramses VI
    1145 - 1137 BC.
    Ramses VII
    1137 - 1130 BC.
    Ramses VIII
    1130 - 1129 BC.
    Ramses IX
    1129 - 1111 BC.
    Ramses X
    1111 - 1097 BC.
    Ramses XI
    1097 - 1078 BC.



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